Air must escape as plastic fills the mold. If not, the air compresses, heats up, and causes (burn marks) or incomplete filling.

This is rule #1. Wall thickness should be as consistent as possible.

The mold is split into two halves: The (A-side, stationary, creates the outside of the part) and the Core (B-side, moving, creates the inside). Plastic shrinks onto the core.

injection mold design guide